A Concise Dictionary of Middle English
Chapter 197 : +Sowdanesse+, _sb._ sultaness, S2, C3.+Sowde+, _v._ to strengthen; +sowdid+, _pp._ (=

+Sowdanesse+, _sb._ sultaness, S2, C3.

+Sowde+, _v._ to strengthen; +sowdid+, _pp._ (= Lat. _consolidatae_), W.--OF. _souder_ (Cotg.): It. _soldare_; Lat. _solidare_, see SkD (s.v.

_solder_).

+Sowde+, _sb._ stipend, pay, W; +sowd+, Prompt.; +sowdis+, _pl._, W.--OF. _soude_; Lat. _soldum_, a sum of money, from _solidus_.

+Sowdyowre+, _sb._ one that fights for pay, soldier, Prompt.; +soudiour+, S3.--Cp. OF. _soudoier_ (Ducange).

+Sowen+, _v._ to sow, S, PP; +sawe+, S; +souwen+, PP; +sewe+, _pt. s._, W; +sew+, H; +sewen+, _pl._, S; +seowe+, _pt. s. subj._, S; +sowun+, _pp._, W; +sowe+, G; +?e-sawen+, S.--AS. _sawan_.

+Sowse+, _v._ to immerse in brine, to plunge in water, to drench with rain, Palsg., S3; +soused+, _pp._, pickled, Sh.; +soust+, drenched, Spenser 1.--From OF. _sause_, sauce; Lat. _salsa_, salted.

+Sowse+, _sb._ a dish of pickled food, _succidium_, Voc.

+Sowthe+, _adj._ south, Prompt.; +sothe+, S3; +su+, S. _Comb._: +Sou-hamtessire+, Hamps.h.i.+re, S2; +Su-saexe+, Suss.e.x, SD.--AS. _su_: OHG. _sund-ana_, from the south (Tatian).

+Sowtherne+, _adj._ southern, Prompt.; +soueron+, S2; +southren+, C3; +sothroun+, S3; +suthroun+, S3.

+Soyr+, _adj._ brown (as of withered leaves), S3.--OF. _sor_ (Roland); cp. F. _saure_. Of Teutonic origin. See +Seere+.

+Spaec+, _pt. s._ of +Speken+, q.v.

+Spaeche+, _sb._ speech, S; see +Speche+.

+Spak+, _adj._ wise, prudent, quiet, gentle, SD; +spake+, HD; +spakliche+, _adv._, SD; +spakli+, S2.--Icel. _spakr_, quiet, gentle, wise.

+Spale+, _sb._ a chip of wood, splinter, S, SD; +spalle+, Prompt.; +spolle+, Prompt.; +spole+, Voc.--Icel. _spolr_ (_spala_, gen. pl.).

+Spang+, _sb._ a metal fastening, brooch, clasp, buckle; +spangs+, _pl._, S3.--AS. _spange_ (Grein).

+Spangele+, _sb._ a small plate of s.h.i.+ning metal used to ornament a bridle, _lorale_, Prompt.

+Spanyn+, _v._ to wean, Prompt.; +spane+, HD; +spaned+, H, Cath.--Cp. G.

_spanen_, OHG. _(bi)spenjan_, Du. _spenen_, see Weigand; cp. also AS.

_spana_, 'ubera' (Voc.).

+Spanynge+, _sb._ a weaning, _ablactacio_, Cath., Prompt.

+Sparkle+, _sb._ spark. Prompt. _Comb._: +deed-sparcle+ (= Lat.

_fauilla_), W2.

+Sparlire+, _sb._ the calf of the leg, HD; +sparlyuer+, _sura_, Trevisa (5. 355); +sperlyuer+, _musculus_, Voc.--AS. _spear-lira_, 'sura' (Deut.

28. 35), _speoru-lira_ (OET.).

+Sparre+, _sb._ a beam, bar, spar, C, S3, Prompt., Cath.--AS. _speoru_ (Voc.); cp. Icel. _sparri_.

+Sparthe+, _sb._ axe, battle-axe, Prompt., Cath.; +sparth+, C, WA.--Icel. _spara_.

+Sparwe+, _sb._ sparrow, C, S2; +sparowe+, Prompt. _Comb._: +spar-hauk+, sparrow-hawk, C2; +sperhauke+, P.--AS. _spearwa_.

+Spatel+, _sb._ spittle, S; see +Spotil+.

+Spateling+, _sb._ spitting, S.

+Spealie+, _v._ to tell, S; see +Spellien+.

+Spec+, _pt. s._ of +Speken+, q.v.

+Spece+, _sb._ species, kind, S, Prompt.--Lat. _speciem_. Cf. +Spice+.

+Speche+, _sb._ speech, S, S2, PP; +spaeche+, S; +spek+, S2.--AS. _sp?c_ (Voc.). See +Speken+.

+Sped+, _sb._ success, speed, S; +speed+, Prompt.--AS. _sped_.

+Spede-ful+, _adj._ profitable, W; +speedful+, C3; +spedfullest+, _superl._, S3.

+Speden+, _v._ to succeed, prosper, speed, S, S2, S3; +spet+, _pr. s._, speeds, goes on, G; +spedith+, profits, S3, W2; +spedde+, _pt. s._, S, C2; +sped+, _pp._, S3.--AS. _spedan_.

+Speir+, _sb._ sphere, S3; see +Spere+.

+Speken+, _v._ to speak, S, S2; +spaeken+, S; +spece+, _1 pr. s._, S; +spec+, _pr. s._, S; +spaec+, _pt. s._, S; +s.p.a.c+, S, S2; +spak+, S, S2; +spec+, S, +spek+, S; +spake+, _2 pt. s._, S, G; +speke+, S; +spaekenn+, _pl._, S; +speken+, S; +speke+, S2; +speeke+, S2; +spekene+, _ger._, S; +speokene+, S; +i-speken+, _pp._, S; +ispeke+, S.--AS. _specan_ (for _sprecan_), pt. _spaec_, pp. _specen_.

+Spell+, _sb._ a discourse, story, S; +spelle+, _dat._, S, S2, C2.--AS.

_spell_.

+Spellien+, _v._ to relate, speak; +spellen+, S, PP; +spealie+, S; +spilien+, S.--AS. _spellian_.

+Spellinge+, _sb._ recital, Prompt., S2.

+Spence+, _sb._ provision-room, larder, G, Prompt.; +spense+, Voc.; expense, G, W.--OF. _despense_ (Constans); Late Lat. _dispensa_ (Voc.).

+Spencer+, _sb._ officer having charge of the provisions, G; +spenser+, G; +sponcere+, Prompt.--OF. _despensier_; Late Lat. _dispensarium_ (acc.).

+Spenden+, _v._ to use, spend, Prompt., PP; +spene+, S, PP; +spende+, _pt. pl._, S2; +i-spend+, _pp._, S; +spendid+, W; +sponded+, G. _Comb._: +spending-siluer+, money to spend, C3.--AS. _spendan_ (in compounds); Lat. _dispendere_.

+Spennen+, _v._ to stretch, embrace, grasp, SD; +spendyd+, _pt. s._, grasped, S3; +spend+, _pp._, SD.--Icel. _spenna_; cp. AS. _spannan_, to bind, OHG. _(gi)spannan_ (Otfrid); see Weigand.

+Spercled+, _pp._ scattered, flung abroad, S3 (24. 67).

+Sperd+, _pt. s._ of +Spiren+, q.v.

+Spere+, _sb._ sphere, Prompt., CM; +speir+, S3.--OF. _espere_; Late Lat. _spera_, _sphera_; Gr. sfa??a.

+Spere+, _sb._ spear, S, C, Prompt.--AS. _spere_; cp. OHG. _sper_ (Tatian).

+Speren+, _v._ to fasten with a _spar_, to close, S, Cath.; +sperre+, Cath.; +speride+, _pt. s._, S2; +sperd+, _pp._, S, H; +sperrid+, H.--AS.

_sparrian_. See +Sparre+.