The Letters of Horace Walpole, Earl of Orford Novel Chapters
List of most recent chapters published for the The Letters of Horace Walpole, Earl of Orford novel. A total of 343 chapters have been translated and the release date of the last chapter is Apr 02, 2024
Latest Release: Chapter 1 : The Letters of Horace Walpole.Volume 1.by Horace Walpole.PREFACE.The letters of Horace W
The Letters of Horace Walpole.Volume 1.by Horace Walpole.PREFACE.The letters of Horace Walpole, Earl of Orford, as. .h.i.therto published, have consisted of,- 1. The letters contained in the quarto edition of his works, published in the year 1798.2. His l
- 243 I have not above a note's worth to say; but as Lord Ossory sets out to-morrow, I just send you a line. The Dauphin, if he is still alive, which some folks doubt, is kept so only by cordials; though the Bishop of Glandeve has a.s.sured the Queen that he h
- 242 Letter 280 To The Right Hon. Lady Hervey.Paris, Nov. 21, 1765. (page 444) Madame Geoffrin has given me a parcel for your ladys.h.i.+p with two knotting-bags, which I will send by the first opportunity that seems safe:'--but I hear of nothing but difficul
- 241 Letter 276 To The Countess Of Suffolk.(899) Paris, Oct. 16, 1765. (page 437) Though I begin my letter to-day, Madam, it may not be finished and set out these four days; but serving a tyrant who does not allow me many holiday-minutes, I am forced to seize
- 240 Letter 273 To The Hon. H. S. Conway.Paris, Oct, 6, 1765. (page 431) I am glad to find that you grow just, and that you do conceive at last, that I could do better than stay in England for politics."Tenez, mon enfant," as the d.u.c.h.esse de la Fert'e s
- 239 I had a very good pa.s.sage, and pleasant journey, and find myself surprisingly recovered for the time. Thank you for the good news you tell me of your coming: it gives me great joy.To the end of this week I shall be in Lord Hertford's house; so have not
- 238 The trouble your ladys.h.i.+p has given yourself so immediately, makes me, as I always am, ashamed of putting you to any. There is no persuading you to oblige moderately. Do you know, Madam, that I shall tremble to deliver the letters you have been so goo
- 237 It is very melancholy, at the instant I was getting quit of politics, to be visited with the only thing that is still more plaguing. However, I believe the fit of politics going off makes me support the new-comer better. Neither of them indeed will leave
- 236 Letter 253 To George Montagu, Esq.Strawberry Hill, May 26, 1765. (page 405) If one of the one hundred events, and one hundredth part of the one hundred thousand reports that have pa.s.sed, and been spread in this last month, have reached your solitary hil
- 235 (815) Lord George and Lord Frederick.-E.(816) Probably Messrs. Thomas Townshend, senior and junior, and Charles Townshend, a cousin of the great Charles Townshend's, who sat with Sir Edward Walpole for North Yarmouth.-C.(817) Colonel Charles Fitzroy, aft
- 234 (798) Sir Francis Dashwood, lately confirmed in this barony, as the heir of the Fanes by his mother. He had been chancellor of the exchequer in Lord Bute's administration.-E.(799) George, third Earl of Orford, Mr. Walpole's nephew; on whose death, in 17
- 233 Letter 246 To George Montagu, Esq.Arlington Street, April 5, 1765. (page 384) I sent you two letters t'other day from your kin, and might as well have written then as now, for I have nothing to tell you.Mr. Chute has quitted his bed to-day the first time
- 232 Letter 242 To The Rev. Mr. Cole.Strawberry Hill, Feb. 28, 1765. (page 377) Dear sir, As you do not deal with newspapers, nor trouble Yourselves with occurrences of modern times, you may perhaps conclude from what I have told you, and from my silence, that
- 231 There is no date set for our intended motion on the Dismission of officers; but, I believe, Lord John Cavendish and Fitzroy will be the movers and seconders. Charles Townshend, we conclude, Will be very ill that day; if one could pity the poor toad, one s
- 230 Grenville took it to himself, and a.s.serted that his own life and character were as pure, uniform, and little profligate as your brother's. The silence of the House did not seem to ratify this declaration. Your brother replied with infinite spirit, that
- 229 Letter 234 To The Earl Of Hertford.Arlington Street, Dec. 3, 1764. (page 358) I love to contradict myself as fast as I can when I have told you a lie, lest you should take me for a chambermaid, or Charles Townshend. But how can I help it? Is this a consis
- 228 Letter 230 To The Rev. Mr. Cole.Strawberry Hill, Nov. 8, 1764. (page 352) I am much disappointed, I own, dear Sir, at not seeing you: more so, as I fear it will be long before I shall, for I think of going to paris early in February. I ought indeed to go
- 227 Strawberry Hill, Oct. 13, 1764. (page 348) Lord John Cavendish has been so kind as to send me word of the Duke of Devons.h.i.+re's(676) legacy to you.(677) You cannot doubt of the great joy this gives me; and yet it serves to aggravate the loss of so wor
- 226 Letter 221 To The Right Hon. William Pitt.(669) Arlington Street, Aug. 29, 1764. (page 343) Sir, As you have always permitted me to offer you the trifles printed at my press, I am glad to have one to send you of a little more consequence than some in whic
- 225 Howland, his maternal grandfather, from whom Howland-street is named.-C.(649) The points in dispute between France and England at this period arose out of the non-performance of certain articles of the treaty-the payment of the Canada bills, and the expen
- 224 Letter 216 To The Rev. Henry Zouch.Arlington Street, July 21, 1764. (page 330) Sir, You will have heard of the severe attendance which we have had for this last week in the House of Commons. It will, I trust, have excused me to you for not having answered
- 223 (618) Sir Richard Lyttelton.-E.(618) John Crewe, Esq. married, 17th May, 1764, to Miss Fawkener, the daughter of sir Everard Fawkener, who died in 1758, one of the postmasters-general.-E.Letter 211 To The Hon. H. S. Conway.Arlington Street, June 5, 1764.
- 222 Dear Brother, You will, I think, be much surprised at the extraordinary news I received yesterday, of my total dismission from his Majesty's service, both as groom of the bedchamber and colonel of a regiment. What makes it much stronger is, that I do not
- 221 Letter 202 To The Rev. Mr. Cole.Arlington Street, April 12, 1764. (page 313) I shall send your MS. volume this week to Mr. Cartwright, and with a thousand thanks. I ought to beg your pardon for having detained it so long. The truth is, I had not time till
- 220 Letter 200 To The Earl Of Hertford.Arlington Street, April 5, 1764. (page 308) Your idea, my dear lord, of the abusive paragraph on you being conceived at Paris,(571) and transmitted hither, tallies exactly with mine. I guessed that a satire on your whole
- 219 (549) George, second Earl of Macclesfield, one of the tellers of the exchequer, and president of the Royal Society.-E.(550) George Hay, LL. D. member for Sandwich, and one of the lords of the admiralty.-E.(551) We find in the Journals, that the printers o
- 218 Letter 195 To The Rev. Mr. Cole.Arlington Street, March 3, 1764. (page 296) Dear Sir, Just as I was going to the Opera, I received your ma.n.u.script. I would not defer telling you so, that you may know it is safe.But I have additional reason to write to
- 217 (506) Mr. Pitt's frequent fits of the gout are well known: he was even suspected of sometimes acting a fit of the gout in the House of Commons. (A reference to the Chatham Correspondence will, it is believed, remove the illiberal suspicion, that Mr. Pitt
- 216 I had sealed my letter, and break it open again on receiving yours of the 13th, by the messenger. Though I am very sorry you had not then got mine from Monin, which would have prepared you for much of what has happened, I do not fear its miscarriage, as I
- 215 Letter 191 To The Earl Of Hertford.Arlington Street, Feb. 6, 1764. (page 279) You have, I hope, long before this, my dear lord, received the immense letter that I sent you by old Monin. It explained much, and announced most part of which has already happe
- 214 (433) In April 1763, Lord Bute surprised both his friends and his opponents by a sudden resignation. The motive of this resolution is still a mystery. Some have said, that having concluded the peace, his patriotic views and ambition were satisfied; others
- 213 Letter 187 To George Montagu, Esq.Arlington Street, Jan. 11, 1764. (page 266) It is an age, I own, since I wrote to you; but except politics, what was there to send you? and for politics, the present are too contemptible to be recorded by any body but jou
- 212 (408) Sir Fletcher Norton was not made attorney-general till after this trial.-E.(409) Mr. John Fielding, chief police magistrate.-E.(410) The robbery was committed by one Bradley, a discharged footman, and one John Wisket. The former was admitted a witne
- 211 (381) Joshua, fifth Viscount Allen, of Ireland, born in 1738.-E.(382) George, second son of the first Earl of Delawarr.-E.(383) Bishops made during the Duke of Newcastle's administration, and who were therefore supposed likely to be of his opinion. The D
- 210 Thompson was waiting for him, and that he only came for a moment, to ask him how he did. Then almost directly he took his leave, hastened home, secured his papers, retired into the Country, and eluded all search."-E.(359) Mr. Southey states, that "a for
- 209 Letter 179 To The Earl Of Hertford.Arlington Street, Nov. 17, 1763. (page 243) If the winter keeps up to the vivacity of its d'ebut, you will have no reason to complain of the sterility of my letters. I do not say this from the spirit of the House of Com
- 208 Strawberry Hill, Oct. 8, 1763. Page 239) Dear Sir, You are always obliging to me and always thinking Of me kindly; yet for once you have forgotten the way of obliging me most. You do not mention any thought of coming hither, which you had given me cause t
- 207 My gallery claims your promise; the painters and gilders finish to-morrow, and next day it washes its hands. You talked of the 15th; shall I expect you then, and the Countess,(313) and the Contessina,(314) and the Baroness?(315) Lord Digby is to be marrie
- 206 (302) The seat of the Earl of Halifax.Letter 163 To Sir David Dalrymple.(303) Strawberry Hill, July 1, 1763. (page 227) Perhaps, sir, you have wondered that I have been so long silent about a scheme,(304) that called for despatch.The truth is I have had n
- 205 (288) The Chevalier D'Eon, secretary to the Duke de Nivernois, the French amba.s.sador, and, upon the Duke's return to France, appointed minister plenipotentiary. On the Comte de Guerchy being some time afterwards nominated amba.s.sador, the Chevalier w
- 204 (279) For his strictures in the North Briton, No. 45, on the King's speech at the close of the session.-E.(280) Afterwards created Lord Camelford.(281) Anne Seymour Conway.Letter 154 To Sir David Dalrymple.(282) Strawberry Hill, May 2, 1763. _page 215) S
- 203 She sometimes laughs, but never loud; She's handsome too, but somewhat proud: At court she bears away the belle; She dresses fine, and figures well: With decency she's gay and airy; Who can this be but Lady Mary?There has been tough doings in Parliament
- 202 Dear sir, You will easily guess that my delay in answering your obliging letter, was solely owing to my not knowing whither to direct to you. I waited till I thought you may be returned home. Thank you for all the trouble you have given, and do give yours
- 201 Hervey's(248) safe return; and now he is safe, I trust you enjoy his glory: for this is a wicked age; you are one of those un-Lacedaemonian mothers, that are not content unless your children come off with all their limbs. A Spartan countess would not hav
- 200 Letter 134 To The Hon. H. S. Conway.Strawberry Hill, Sept. 9, 1762. (page 191) Nondurn laurus erat, longoque decentia crine Tempera cingebat de qualibet arbore Phoebus.(238) This is a hint to you, that Phoebus, who was certainly your superior, could take
- 199 Since you left Strawberry, the town (not the King of Prussia) has beaten Count Daun, and made the peace, but the benefits of either have not been felt beyond Change Alley. Lord Melcomb is dying(234) of a dropsy in his stomach,' and Lady Mary Wortley of a
- 198 You may fancy what you -will, but the eyes of all the world are not fixed upon Ireland. Because you have a little virtue, and a lord-lieutenant(224) that refuses four thousand pounds a-year, and a chaplain(225) of a lord-lieutenant that declines a huge bi
- 197 I am sorry Lady Kingsland is so rich. However, if the Papists should be likely to rise, pray disarm her of the enamel, and commit it to safe custody in the round tower at Strawberry. Good night! mine is a life of letter-writing; I pray for a peace that I
- 196 We have had as many mails due from Ireland as you had from us. I have at last received a line from you; it tells me you are well, which I am always glad to hear; I cannot say you tell me much more. My health is so little subject to alteration, and so pres
- 195 Dr. Robertson's work I should expect would be more accurate.P. S. There has lately appeared, in four little volumes, a Chinese Tale, called Hau Kiou Choaan,(205) not very entertaining from the incidents, but I think extremely so from the novelty of the m
- 194 Letter 100 To The Hon. H. S. Conway.Strawberry Hill, Oct. 26, 1761. (page 157) and how strange it seems! You are talking to me of the King's wedding, while we are thinking of a civil war. Why, the King's wedding was a century ago, almost two months; eve
- 193 I cannot swear I wrote to you again to offer your brother the place for the coronation; but I was Confident I did, nay, I think so still: my proofs are, the place remained vacant, and I sent to old Richard to inquire if Mr. John was not arrived. He had no
- 192 I am expecting Mr. Chute to hold a chapter on the cabinet. A barge-load of niches, window-frames, and ribs, is arrived. The cloister is paving, the privy garden making, painted gla.s.s adjusting to the windows on the back stairs - with so many irons in th
- 191 (171) Wife of the Count de Welderen, one of the lords of the States of Holland.-E.(172) The first words of a favourite French air, with Madame Welderen's confusion of p's, t's' etc.(173) A character in Steele's comedy of The Tender Husband, or the Ac
- 190 Strawberry Hill, July 5, 1761. (page 130) You are a pretty sort of a person to come to one's house and get sick, only to have an excuse for not returning to it. Your departure is so abrupt, that I don't know but I may expect to find that Mrs. Jane Trueb
- 189 Letter 75 To George Montagu, Esq.Arlington Street, May 5, 1761. (page 123) We have lost a young genius, Sir William Williams;(155) an express from Belleisle, arrived this morning, brings nothing but his death. He was shot very unnecessarily, riding too ne
- 188 (144) the prayer of Sir Robert Walpole, recorded on the foundation-stone, was, that "after its master, to a mature old age, had long enjoyed it in perfection, his latest descendants might safely possess it to the end of time."-E.Letter 70 To The Hon. H.
- 187 If it were not printed in the London Chronicle, I would transcribe for you, Sir, a very weak letter of Voltaire to Lord Lyttelton,(132) and the latter's answer: there is nothing else new, but a very indifferent play,(133) called The Jealous Wife, so well
- 186 (119) Afterwards Earl of Shelburne, and in 1784 created Marquis of Lansdowne.-E.(120) A noted procuress.-E.Letter 60 To The Rev. Henry Zouch Arlington Street, Jan. 3, 1761. (page 107) Sir, I stayed till I had the Lucan ready to send you, before I thanked
- 185 I trust you will have approved my behaviour at court, that is, my mixing extreme politeness with extreme indifference. Our predecessors, the philosophers of ancient days, knew not how to be disinterested without brutality; I pique myself on founding a new
- 184 (107) General Sir Jeffrey Amherst distinguished himself in the war with the French in America. He was subsequently created a peer, and made commander-in-chief.-D.(108) The large armament, intended for a secret expedition and collected at Portsmouth, was d
- 183 (95) Afterwards d.u.c.h.ess of Portland.(96) Anciently the seat of the Vernons. Sir George Vernon, in Queen Elizabeth's time, was styled King of the Peak," and the property came into the Manners family by his daughter marrying Thomas, son of the first E
- 182 The moment I can, I will, but this is a tyrant that will not let one name a day. All I know is, that it may abridge my other parties, but shall not my stay at Wentworth Castle. The Duke of Devons.h.i.+re was so good as to ask me to be at Chatsworth yester
- 181 Mr. Milbank was walking in ovation by himself after the car; and they were going to see the bonfire at the alehouse at the corner.The whole procession returned with me; and from the countess's dressing-room we saw a battery fired before the house, the mo
- 180 Letter 27 To The Earl Of Strafford.Strawberry Hill, June 7, 1760. (page 66) My dear lord, When at my time of day one can think a ball worth going to London for on purpose, you will not wonder that I am childish enough to write an account of it. I could gi
- 179 When am I likely to see you? The delightful rain is come--we look and smell charmingly. Adieu!Letter 24 To Sir Horace Mann.Strawberry Hill, May 7, 1760. (page 57) What will your Italians say to a peer of England, an earl of one of the best of families, tr
- 178 I should have thought that you might have learnt by this time, that when a tradesman promises any thing on Monday, Or Sat.u.r.day, or any particular day of the week, he means any Monday or any Sat.u.r.day of any week, as nurses quiet children and their ow
- 177 (32) Miss Fenton, the first Polly of the Beggar's Opera. Charles Duke of Bolton took her off the stage, had children by her, and afterwards married her.(33) Lord Charles Hay, brother of the Marquis of Tweedale.Letter 14 To The Rev. Henry Zouch.Strawberry
- 176 I am come hither in the bleakest of all winters, not to air and exercise, but to look after my gold-fish and orange-trees. We import all the delights of hot countries, but as we cannot propagate their climate too, such a season as this is mighty apt to mu
- 175 The Letters of Horace Walpole.Volume 3.by Horace Walpole.Letter 1 To George Montagu, Esq.Arlington Street, Nov. 17, 1759. (page 25) I rejoice over your brother's honours, though I certainly had no hand in them. He probably received his staff from the boa
- 174 518 Letter 341 To The Earl Of Strafford.Strawberry Hill, October 30th, 1759.My dear lord, It would be very extraordinary indeed if I was not glad to see one Whose friends.h.i.+p does me so much honour as your lords.h.i.+p's, and who always expresses so m
- 173 The campaign in Ireland, I hear, will be very warm; the Primate is again to be the object; Ponsonby, commander against him.Lord George's situation will not help the Primate's. Adieu!(1070) Now first printed.512 Letter 335 To George Montagu, Esq.Strawber
- 172 Probably by this time you have seen the Duke of Richmond or Fitzroy--but lest you should not, I will tell you all I can learn, and a wonderful history it is. Admiral Byng was not more unpopular than Lord George Sackville. I should scruple repeating his st
- 171 I am dying in a hot street, with my eyes full of dust, and my table full of letters to be answered--yet I must write you a line. I am sorry your first of Augustness is disordered; I'll tell you why. I go to Ragley on the twelfth. There is to be a great p
- 170 495 Letter 320 To Sir Horace Mann.Arlington Street, June 22, 1759.Well! they tell us in good earnest that we are to be invaded; Mr. Pitt is as positive of it as of his own invasions. As the French affect an air of grandeur in all they do, "Mr. Pitt sent
- 169 You will say, that your concealing your name is an answer to all I have said. A bad author may be concealed, but then what good does he do? I am persuaded you would write well-ask your heart, Sir, if you then would like to conceal yourself.Forgive my fran
- 168 482 Letter 310 To Sir David Dalrymple.(1016) Strawberry Hill, March 25, 1759.I should not trouble you, Sir, so soon again with a letter, but some questions and some pa.s.sages in yours seem to make it necessary. I know nothing of the Life of Gustavus, nor
- 167 (1004) Speaking of Wolfe in his Memoires, Walpole says, "Ambition, industry, pa.s.sion for the service, were conspicuous in him. He seemed to breathe for nothing but fame, and lost no moments in qualifying himself to compa.s.s that object.Presumption on
- 166 I scarce ever yet found any thing one wanted to know in one of those books; all they contain, except encomiums on the Stuarts and the monks, are lists of inst.i.tutions and inductions, and inquiries how names of places were spelt before there was any spel
- 165 Knyphausen(979) diverted me yesterday with some anecdotes of the Empress's college of chast.i.ty-not the Russian Empress's.The King of Prussia asked some of his Austrian prisoners whether their mistress consulted her college of chast.i.ty on the letters
- 164 Cunningham is made quartermaster-general to this equipment; these things don't look as if your interest was increased. As Lord George has sent over his commands for Cunningham, might not his art at the same time have suggested some application to you--te
- 163 (956) two brothers, successively Lords Howe, were remarkably silent.(957) The battle of Zorndorf.-D.(958) Mary, their youngest sister, was afterwards married to General Pitt, brother of George Lord Rivers.453 Letter 286 To George Montagu, Esq.Arlington St
- 162 (942) The King.(943) M'untz left Mr. Walpole, and published another account himself.(944) Laura, this eldest daughter of Sir Edward Walpole, married to Dr. Frederick Keppel, afterwards Dean of Windsor and Bishop of Exeter.(945) Maria, second daughter, ma
- 161 You must, I think, take up with this sc.r.a.p of a letter; consider it contains a conquest. If I wrote any longer, before I could finish my letter, perhaps I should hear that our fleet was come back again, and, though I should be glad they were returned s
- 160 (913) In the preceding month, Prince Edward had been appointed a mids.h.i.+pman, and in July embarked on board the Ess.e.x, commanded by Lord Howe, upon the expedition against Cherburg.-E.(914) William Pitt, secretary of state.(915) Lord Anson, first lord
- 159 431 Letter 269 To John Chute, Esq.Strawberry Hill, June 29, 1758.The Tower-guns have sworn through thick and thin that Prince Ferdinand has entirely demolished the French, and the city-bonfires all believe it. However, as no officer is yet come, nor confi
- 158 June, 1758.I am very much obliged to you for the remarks and hints you sent me on my Catalogue. They will be of use to me; and any observations of my friends I shall be very thankful for, and disposed to employ, to make my book, what it is extremely far f
- 157 Sir Charles Williams's disorder appears to have been lightheadedness from a fever; he goes about again; but the world, especially a world of enemies, never care to give up their t.i.tle to a man's madness, and will consequently not believe that he is ye
- 156 (865) Henry Furness had been a lord of the treasury. He was a friend of Lord Bath, and personally an enemy to Sir Robert Walpole.(866) John first Earl Spencer.(867) Robert Wood, Esq. under secretary of state, Mr. Dawkins, and Mr. Bouverie. For a notice of
- 155 (850) Walpole, in his Royal Authors, says, "I have had both repositories carefully searched. The reference to the Vatican proves a new inaccuracy of the author; there is no work of King Richard. In the Laurentine library is a sonnet written by the King,
- 154 The certificates I suppose can swim. Adieu, my dear lord!(837) Mr. Onslow, the Speaker.402 Letter 244 To Sir Horace Mann.Strawberry Hill, Oct. 12, 1757.I shall Write you but a short letter for more reasons than one--there are you blus.h.i.+ng again for yo
- 153 395 Letter 238 To George Montagu, Esq.Strawberry Hill, Sept. 8, 1757.How I laughed at your picture of the shrine of Notre Dame de Straberri, and of the vows hung up there! I little thought that when I converted my castle into a printing office, the next t
- 152 390 Letter 233 To George Montagu, Esq.Strawberry Hill, Aug. 4, 1757.I shall to-morrow deliver to your agentess, Mrs. Moreland, something to send to you.The Duke(814) is beaten by the French; he and his family are safe; I know no more particulars-if I did,
- 151 (803) General Conway.(804) A translation of the Memoirs of the Marquis de Torcy, secretary of state to Louis XIV., had just been published in London. E.(805) For a review of these volumes by Oliver Goldsmith, see the enlarged edition of his Miscellaneous
- 150 I certainly am glad of rain, but could wish it was boiled a little over the sun first: Mr. Bentley calls this the hard summer, and says he is forced to buy his fine weather at Newcastle. Adieu!P. S. Pray acknowledge the receipt of your tickets. I don't k
- 149 (781) Second son of Charles second Duke of Richmond. He died in March, 1805.-D.(782) Charles Fitzroy, second Duke of Grafton, lord chamberlain.(783) Lepidus, Duke of Newcastle; Octavius and Anthony, Pitt and Fox.-D.(784) A Florentine Abb'e and wit; autho
- 148 I have deferred writing to you till I could tell you something certain of the fate of Admiral Byng: no history was ever so extraordinary, or produced such variety of surprising turns.In my last I told you that his sentence was referred to the twelve judge
- 147 (749) "The King became every day more and more averse to his new ministers. Pitt, indeed, had not frequent occasions of giving offence, having been confined by the gout the greater part of the winter; and when he made his appearance he behaved with prope
- 146 Your poor brother desires me to write to you to-day, as he is in bed (and not able. He went to town last week, caught cold, and returned with a fever. He has been drinking tar-water since the middle of November, at the persuasion of your older brother and
- 145 348 Letter 202 To Sir Horace Mann.Arlington Street, Nov. 13, 1756.Your brother has told me that Mr. Pitt accepts your southern province, yielding to leave Lord Holderness in the northern.I don't know what calm you at this distance may suppose this will p
- 144 Peace is made between the courts of Kensington and Kew; Lord Bute(723) who had no visible employment at the latter, and yet whose office was certainly no sinecure, is to be groom of the stole(724) to the Prince of Wales; which satisfies. The rest of the f