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Second Shetland Truck System Report Novel Chapters
List of most recent chapters published for the Second Shetland Truck System Report novel. A total of 405 chapters have been translated and the release date of the last chapter is Apr 02, 2024
Latest Release: Chapter 1 : Second Shetland Truck System Report.by William Guthrie.NOTES 1.Truck - The payment of wa
Second Shetland Truck System Report.by William Guthrie.NOTES 1.Truck - The payment of wages otherwise than in money, the system or practice of such a payment. References/Edinburgh enquiry/book/archives/size of original doc. OED.The Truck Commission Enquir
- 405 WALKER, John (a.n.a.lysis of his evidence, p. 402). Formerly gave evidence before the commissioners, under the Act of 1870, in Edinburgh, 15,920; re-affirms all evidence then given, and explains as to the value of wool in a shawl, 15,921; contradicts that
- 404 SINCLAIR, Robert (a.n.a.lysis of his evidence, p. 49), merchant in Lerwick, 2366; deals in drapery, tea, boots and shoes, and a few groceries, 2367; deals also in hosiery, 2370; princ.i.p.ally buys hosiery, but sometimes gives wool out to be knitted, 2371
- 403 RATTER, Andrew (a.n.a.lysis of his evidence, p. 177), fishermen at North Roe, 7386; and tenant of Messrs. Hay, 7387; generally deals at their store, 7392; articles always satisfactory, 7398; tea, 7399; meal, 7400.RATTER, John (a.n.a.lysis of his evidence,
- 402 MEN wish liberty in fis.h.i.+ng, 544, 560, 659, 788, 1109, 4424, 4584, 4780, 12,635, 12,750, 12,865, 13,425, 13,840, 14,939.MERCHANTS, monopoly of shop trade, 12,372.MILLAR, Rev. Duncan (a.n.a.lysis of his evidence, p. 147), United Presbyterian clergyman
- 401 JOHNSTON, John (a.n.a.lysis of his evidence, p. 300), is a merchant at Bridge of Walls, Sandsting, 12,219; business is the same as that of Mr. Georgeson, with the exception that he has a spirit and grocery licence, 12,226; spirits are always sold for cash
- 400 HARRISON, Arthur (a.n.a.lysis of his evidence, p. 187), is a merchant at Urrafirth, Hillswick, 7657; deals in groceries, 7661; and cotton, 7662; had some difficulty in obtaining leave to open a shop, 7664; does a small business in curing and drying fish,
- 399 FAIR ISLE, 4729, 4739, 5770, 13,056, 13,233, 13,326, p.330, f.n.FAMILY supplied by dealer in men's absence (Faroe fis.h.i.+ng), 1172, 117S, 1188, 2955, 11,058.FARM Produce, Disposal of, etc., 939, 949, 1294, 1300, 4673, 6383, 8870, 9873, 10,079, 10,1
- 398 ANDERSON, Laurence (a.n.a.lysis of his evidence, p. 168), fisherman at Hillswick, 6977; lives with his father, 6978; fishes for Laurence Smith, 6979; settles yearly, 6980; deals at his shop, 6981; has pa.s.s-book, 6994; was a beach boy, 6999; when indebte
- 397 17,037. Did you ever hear of lines or goods being sold by knitters which they had got for their hosiery?-No, not lines. I have heard of them selling their goods, but I could not say whether it was true or not. I have not heard of that often.17,038. When a
- 396 16,989. Is it prosecuted chiefly for the fresh market?-Yes, princ.i.p.ally.16,990. Is it carried on with the same boats which are used in the herring fis.h.i.+ng?-No. I think they are generally a larger cla.s.s of boats-decked boats-that are used for that
- 395 16,941. Do the men receive the bounty at the commencement, or before the commencement of the season?-The way in which it is done is this: the fish-curer and the fishermen make the contract in March, and then the men generally get the bounty a fortnight or
- 394 16,894. What do you get for a boat of that size, such as you are in the habit of building?-22, 10s. That is just for the sh.e.l.l of the boat, with the ironwork attached to it. The men have the masts, sails, and oars to supply on their own responsibility.
- 393 16,852. No. 6 is a sample of sugar which you value at 41/2d. per lb.: was that of the same quality as the other sugar?-There was very little difference between them.16,853. Would that be fairly charged at 5d. per lb.?-I think it would sell for about the s
- 392 16,807. Is that because the men hold yearly tacks?-They hold crofts year by year, and they are fishermen at the same time.16,808. Do you know whether they pay their rent to the landlord direct, or through the fish-curer?-They pay it twice a year, at Candl
- 391 16,761. Is it the same kind of boats that are employed in all these different kinds of fis.h.i.+ng?-No; the fishermen have different kinds of boats to suit the different kinds of fis.h.i.+ng. In the herring season the owners have hired men in their boats,
- 390 16,714. Do you think it would be practicable to settle the accounts at these shops at shorter intervals than at the end of the season?-I think if it could possibly be done, it would be an advantage to both parties; but there is a difficulty in the way, ow
- 389 16,665. Has Mr. Methuen the largest business as a fish-curer in Scotland, both in curing herring and cod and ling?-Yes; particularly in curing herring, and pretty extensively in the curing of other kinds of fish.16,666. You don't say that he has the larg
- 388 16,648. Were these notes taken in name of the man's relations?- Yes; of his wife, or father, or sister, or brother.16,649. Were they not sometimes taken in the name of the agent who was giving them supplies?-No; they were addressed to the agent, to be pa
- 387 16,599. Have you any general impression about that matter?- When there were some green hands going of course they required a larger outfit than they require now.16,600. I am putting the green hands out of view altogether; I am referring to the able seamen
- 386 16,550. Then you have refused to suggest a man in such a case?- Yes; if a man was not a good hand, or the like of that, I would tell the master so, and then he could take him or not as he chose.16,551. But have you ever said to a man when he came applying
- 385 16,505. Do they get longer credit on their purchases of goods than merchants in any other parts of the country in consideration of them having to make these advances to fishermen?-I don't say that they get longer credits, but they get sufficient cred
- 384 16,458. Except that they were to give you the preference?-That was not at all stated. They simply gave us the preference, because they had a notion-a very foolish notion-that we might have acted in the same way as other parties would probably have acted i
- 383 16,413. Then is it quite an understood thing that man who engages with an agent for a Greenland voyage must get his supplies from that agent's shop?-If his goods are as cheap and its good as any other person's, they commonly take them from his s
- 382 [Page 414]16,368. Does your wife get cash from Mr. Leask when she wants it?-Yes.16,369. How much does she generally get?-I don't know.16,370. Did she ever get 5s. at a time?-Perhaps she got the whole half-pay at a time if she wanted it, or the half o
- 381 16,319. Do you not take goods across the country to Scalloway sometimes when any of your family happen to be in Lerwick?- Only very little.16,320. Do you settle about December or January every year?- Generally about the 1st of December.16,321. Do you get
- 380 16,273. Why did you buy any of them elsewhere?-I was not very particular about where I went. If I had money in my hand I went to any place that was most suitable, or where I could get the most suitable articles.16,274. Did you often do that?-Not often. I
- 379 16,224. Did you always get your outfit from the agent with whom you were engaged?-Always.16,225. And some supplies for your family besides?-Yes.16,226. Did you keep an account in the agent's shop, from which your family got what they wanted during yo
- 378 16,178. Do you mean that the agents do not like to have the settlement made in presence of the superintendent at all?-I don't mean to say that exactly; but I mean that it gave them a good deal of extra trouble, and it was sometimes disagreeable.16,17
- 377 16,132. Is that two cuts of 3d. worsted?-No, it is mohair. But there will be other veils of the same kind which will be worth not more than 18d. or 20d., and therefore the profit which we get upon one veil is no proof as to the amount of profit, if any, w
- 376 16,088. Have you got any of these veils in hand just now?-Yes, I have a few that I am knitting.16,089. Do you knit with your own wool at all?-No, I only work for him.16,090. How much do you get for knitting one of these veils?- From 16d. to 1s., according
- 375 16,042. To whom do you generally sell your hosiery?-I always sold it to Mr. Robert Sinclair since he became a merchant. I always knit haps or coa.r.s.e shawls.16,043. What do you pay for the worsted which you use in knitting?-When I buy the worsted it is
- 374 16,013. Would you say that J. & R. Morley & Co.; Copestake, Moore, & Co.; Stewart & M'Donald, Glasgow; Fletcher & Sons, Manchester; J. & W. Campbell, Glasgow; Arthur & Co., Glasgow; Mann, Byars, & Co. Glasgow; George Peek, Manchester, Vesey & Sons, L
- 373 15,965. Is there any other point on which you wish to make any additional remark?-I may say that when I was south lately, I saw letters from some of the whaling agents here, which plainly indicated that the commission of 21/2 per cent. paid to them for th
- 372 15,918. The seamen, however, could go to any other shop in town for their supplies if they chose?-At present they could, but I have no doubt they would offend the agent by doing so. If they repudiated his right to secure his own account, that would put an
- 371 15,870. Therefore, if any application should be made to the Board of Trade afterwards for production of these returns under this Commission, you have no objection to their being regarded as part of your evidence given upon oath?-None; and in continuation
- 370 15,826. Are there two prices for goods at that shop?-Yes, they always charged two prices. When we pay for goods in hosiery, they are always above the price which is charged when cash is paid for them.15,827. Do you get the goods cheaper when you pay for t
- 369 15,780. You live at Colafirth, near Ollaberry?-Yes.15,781. How long have you lived there?-I was born at Colafirth, but I came to Lerwick when I was 25 years of age, and I was here for 17 years.15,782. What did you do in Lerwick?-We kept a few boarders and
- 368 15,733. Do you limit the credits of the men employed in the home fis.h.i.+ng?-They limit their credits themselves, because they are grown-up men with families, and they know how far they should run their accounts. Of course, if they were running them furt
- 367 15,686. How much did she give you for selling it?-A penny.15,687. Did you ever get a penny for selling anything else?-No; I don't work in that way for my living.15,688. Are you sure you never got a penny for selling any other article for a woman?-I h
- 366 15,638. What do you do?-Anything that I can. I go errands or knit stockings, or anything of that sort.15,639. Do you sometimes go about selling things?-I have sold three or four neckties to different people.15,640. Do you not sell other kinds of goods?-No
- 365 15,592. Have you applied for that?-There is a man here who has applied for it. I think he applied to Mr. Charles Duncan, writer, and also to the sheriff.15,593. Who was the agent from whom you thought you should have got it?-Mr. Leask.15,594. Did you appl
- 364 Lerwick, January 30, 1872, PETER HALCROW, examined.15,546. Are you a seaman?-Yes.15,547. Have you gone on sealing and whaling voyages for some years back?-Yes, for nine years.15,548. What agents in Lerwick have you been engaged by?-The whole of them.15,54
- 363 15,498. Is that in Davis Straits?-No, it is to the northward.15,499. Do you remember applying for your wages in money in that year?-Yes.15,500. Did you get it at once whenever you asked for it?-Yes.15,501. Did you sail in the same vessel again that year?-
- 362 15,453. You said just now that all the supplies you had ever got were paid for at that time?-They were paid for.15,454. And then you say in the next sentence that you cannot say whether they were paid for or not?-I asked for nothing for this woman until t
- 361 15,406. Are you also employed in keeping paupers?-Yes, I have two old women-one from the parish of Lerwick, and one from the parish of Northmaven. I have 8 for the one from Northmaven. I only had 13s. for five months for the pauper who belonged to Lerwick
- 360 15,360. Have you been in the habit of knitting and selling your goods, or have you knitted with your own wool?-I have both knitted with merchants' wool and with wool of my own.15,361. Have you knitted for a long time, and had a great deal of experien
- 359 15,314. Did you not always take your supplies princ.i.p.ally from the agent with whom you were engaging for the year?-Yes, princ.i.p.ally.15,315. You were five years with Mr. Tait; that would be down to 1866: who did you go to then?-I went back to Mr. Lea
- 358 15,266. How were you humbugged by it?-I would sometimes take goods in that had perhaps been stolen, and I lost them altogether. It was a kind of broker's business that I did.15,267. Did you do a good deal of that business at one time?-Not much.15,268
- 357 15,220. Would you give a similar guarantee to a merchant whom the men named themselves?-Yes.15,221. Do you do that in order that the families of the men may be able to live during the fis.h.i.+ng season-Yes.15,222. But it is only in the event of a man req
- 356 15,174. Have you any other fis.h.i.+ngs, except at Spiggie?-I have a station at Levenwick also. I have not many boats there. I think there were about half a dozen boats fis.h.i.+ng for me last season.15,175. Have you a store there for supplying the fisher
- 355 15,127. And I suppose the trade of the shop depends on his securing a certain number of fishermen for his boats?-Yes, and on the good-will of the tenants there.15,128. But if the tenants are in debt, are they not virtually obliged to deal at his shop?-I d
- 354 15,084. Would it not be a system of paying weekly wages, with an additional payment in proportion to the produce?-It would not be wages: it would be a weekly payment for produce, because weekly wages would never do.15,085. Would it not virtually be wages,
- 353 15,043. What was the price of flour at June 26, 1871?-Common overhead flour about that date in June was 16s. per boll, and the best overhead would have been 18s. or 18s. 6d. There is another quality of fine flour, the finest quality we keep, which would h
- 352 1869.May 18.24 Ind. ml.,030 16 o. meal,030 29.35 o. meal,043 June 14.1/4 boll In. meal.July 8.35 sec. paring flour.30.35 overhd. flour.Oct. 23.1/4 gall. oil, 9d. Dec. 10.16 lbs. flour, 2s.Was the oil mentioned in the entry of October 23, oil which you req
- 351 14,962. Have any men who live on Mr. Anderson's estate got boats and lines of their own?-Yes. I think there is one man who has got a boat and lines.14,963. Did he get 8s. 6d. too?-I don't know what he got.Lerwick, January 29, 1872, GILBERT SCOLL
- 350 14,913. I thought you said you had been bound for four years?- Yes. It is four years since we were bound to fish for him regularly; he got the tack then.14,914. Have you been fis.h.i.+ng for Mr. Anderson for these four years?-Yes; three years we delivered
- 349 14,866. Were you running an account with the agent at that time?-No.14,867. Were you running an account with the agent at the other time when you got money from the Society?-The first time I was.I had an account with Mr. Reid Tait then, and I got the mone
- 348 14,819. When you were in Yell, were you bound to fish for any one?-No. There was no binding at all.14,820. Where did you get your supplies?-From Mr. Sandison.We always fished for him, and got our supplies from him. I was three years under Mr. Walker. Duri
- 347 14,775. Did you never see it attempted?-I did one year, but that was before they understood exactly how it was to be done. They had made out our account of wages so that the amount of their account was taken off; but as soon as we came to the s.h.i.+pping
- 346 14,729. Is that the bulk of the diet of a fisherman's family?-That, and fish and potatoes.14,730. Don't you think that, taking the Shetlanders as a body, they are as well off with regard to diet and clothing as any similar cla.s.s in Scotland?-I
- 345 14,683. Do you mean that it is not the fact that it is his interest to do so?-It is not his interest; and it is not the fact that he does it, to my knowledge.14,684. Is it not the interest of the agent to get man to take goods from him?-It is the interest
- 344 14,635. Do young hands invariably come back to you in the second year to get an engagement?-Not invariably.14,636. What do they do in that case?-I don't know what becomes of them. Perhaps they go to some other fis.h.i.+ng, or engage with some other a
- 343 14,588. But probably not within one month, unless there is a sudden rise?-No; not unless there is a sudden rise or a sudden fall. I generally consider that we should charge as little for meal as we can, so that the poor people may get it at as low a price
- 342 14,541. Did that order prohibit such entries being made in the captain's store-book?-Yes, with the exception of the captain's own account.14,542. Such entries were made, I presume, to ent.i.tle you to deduct the amount of your account at the set
- 341 14,501. So that, in point of fact, your account was settled in the Custom House just as it was before the Board of Trade regulations, with this exception, that there was no writing or reading over of the accounts at that place?-Yes. Before 1867 it was don
- 340 14,454. What is the rate of insurance?-I think it is from 5 to 6 guineas per cent. I may mention that the Greenland trade was always considered to be a great nursery for seamen. A great many of our naval reserve men now, the majority of whom could compare
- 339 14,408. Did he usually transmit it to his family for their maintenance during his absence, or spend it at the time in supplies for them?-Yes; in the case of a married man, I think the most of it was sent home, to be a provision for his family during his a
- 338 14,374. Is it not the fact that that is the interest of the agent?-It may be the interest of the agent, but it is never done.14,375. The report only says that it is the interest of the agent: it does not state that he does it?-I think it does. It says tha
- 337 14,328. Have you run an account with the man for that?-If he was well known to us, we would have no objection to give him credit.14,329. But can you name the case of any man who was engaged for the whaling by another agent and who received credit from you
- 336 Lerwick, January 27, 1872, ROBERT SINCLAIR, recalled.14,289. Do you wish to make any explanation with regard to the evidence which has just been given?-I wish to say that it often happens that we have no small change in the shop, unless we get change for
- 335 14,241. Was that the first intimation you had got of his intention to keep part of the money?-I think so.14,242. Did you object to that, and tell him he must pay the whole?-I did.14,243. Did you intimate what the consequences would be if he did not?-Yes;
- 334 14,193. Was that a note of all the items in the account?-No 14,194. It was just a note of the total sum due to Mr. Leask?-Yes.14,195. Have you not done so since the first year?-I think not.14,196. When did you last take such a slip with you to the Custom
- 333 14,147. Is there a different price when it is paid for in cash?-Mr.Sutherland manages that matter; but I am pretty sure that he pays only 4s. in cash, and anybody can get that who chooses.14,148. But I suppose most of them take it in goods-Many of them do
- 332 14,098. Do they get a small sum of cash, if they want it, in the course of the season, for any particular purpose?-Yes; I keep cash at the station for that particular purpose, so that none of the men may be disappointed if they want it.14,099. But I suppo
- 331 14,053. Where do you get your wool?-I get it from any person who has wool, and who will exchange it for a little tea or hosiery, or a bit of calico or yellow cotton.14,054. Do you spin it yourself?-Always. I am not able to get it spun for me, because that
- 330 14,006. Was that all the wool off your sheep for the year?-It was not the whole of it. I had a little more than that. There had been some of it used for my own family. The sheep were kept in a park which Mr. Bell had taken in. We had it as a free pasture
- 329 13,962. You were credited at settlement with a payment of cash in August of 2, and with the amount of your fis.h.i.+ng, 18, 12s. 11d., reducing the balance to 19, 1s. 3d.?-Yes.13,963. Where did the cash you paid in August come from?-It came from the sale
- 328 13,916. Why do you not deal more with him for your supplies when he is your banker?-I deal with him in Lerwick, but I deal as little as possible at Vidlin, unless when I run out.13,917. Do you get goods from Mr. Robertson in Lerwick?-Yes, I get what I wan
- 327 13,868. Do you get most of them there?-No; I only get a part.13,869. Does it depend upon whether you have a balance in your favour, or cash in your hands, that you go to Vidlin?-I sometimes go for credit and sometimes for cash.13,870. Do you get your good
- 326 13,822. I believe you are the largest employer in the Faroe trade, and also one of the largest fish-curers in the island?-I am one of the largest: I don't know that I am the largest.13,823. The previous witness, Mr. William Robertson, has been for a
- 325 13,779. It is quite a different question whether the agent acts as his interest dictates, but still it is to his interest in such a case to delay the settlement for some time?-I admit that it may be to his interest to retain the money, but I deny that he
- 324 13,732. What is the next point in the report to which you wish to refer?-I have already proved that the average quant.i.ty of ground on the farms of Mr. Leask's estates in Sound and Whiteness is about 12 acres, and not 3 or 4 acres, as Mr. Hamilton a
- 323 I could not even say that he has done that, but I think there was some understanding of that sort.13,686. In that letter of December 1869 to Williamson, Mr. Leask refers to Johnston as having fulfilled the stipulation on that point which Williamson had fa
- 322 13,639. In addition to the fish which are delivered in a wet state at your stations, do you purchase dry fish?-Mr. Leask has been in the habit of purchasing ling for a firm in Dublin for many years.He also buys cod in a dry state occasionally.13,640. Last
- 321 13,594. But most of your supplies you get elsewhere-at Scalloway or Lerwick?-Yes.13,595. Do all the men in your vessel keep accounts at Harrison & Son's, and get their supplies there?-Yes.13,596. You purchase your own lines and hooks for Faroe?-Yes.A
- 320 13,545. Had you seen Mr. Irvine after you came back and before you settled with him?-Yes.13,546. Was it when you first came back that he asked you to go to Faroe in the following season?-It was at the time when I settled, and also when I joined the vessel
- 319 13,501. Do you think you would not make anything more of it by curing your own fish and selling them to any other merchant?- We cannot cure the fish ourselves on that station, because there is no convenience except for one. There is room for all the boats
- 318 13,454. Are you a fisherman at Scatness?-I am.13,455. Are you bound to fish for anybody?-No. I have always been at liberty. I am on the property of Mr. Bruce of Simbister, and I generally fish for Hay & Co.13,456. They are the factors on the estate?-Yes.1
- 317 13,409. Were you entrusted with that cotton to sell it?-Yes. I got about 50 worth of cloth and furnis.h.i.+ngs about five years age to supply to such tenants as had not the means to go to any other place; and although the prices of cotton and wincies fluc
- 316 13,363. Have you known any cases of boys engaged to other employers who have been required by Mr. Grierson, or by you on his behalf, to give up that engagement and come to you to work at the beach?-There has been no case of that kind, to my knowledge.[Pag
- 315 13,326. With regard to Fair Isle, is there a standing prohibition against other traders dealing with the inhabitants [Page 332]there?-To a certain extent there is. I don't object to people trading there if they confine themselves to hosiery and eggs,
- 314 'On account of the general state of bankruptcy, I was obliged to take the fis.h.i.+ng into my own hands, and I consider the people now to be in a much more flouris.h.i.+ng state.'For the most part, fishermen are quite satisfied with having their
- 313 13,258. Do you understand that if the men agree to these regulations they would be free from the obligation to fish, or is that obligation referred to in the clause, 'The tenant shall be bound to observe the rules generally in force on the property f
- 312 13,218. I show you an invoice dated 12th May 1870, 1 cask sugar 2 1 25 18 2 1 7 at 42s. 6d.4, 18s. 4d.Grutness shop debtor, 6, 1s. 41/4d.At what price did you sell that sugar per lb.?-I think it was 61/2d.13,219. What would be the freight of it from Green
- 311 13,170. I understand, from what I saw in the books last night, and from what you mentioned to me, that you don't fix the price of the meal when it is given out?-No. I don't know yet the current price of bear meal for this year.13,171. At first y
- 310 13,123. How did it happen in this case?-Because we wanted our liberty. We did not want to agree to fish for Mr. John Robertson.13,124. Would you not have been at liberty if you had fished for Mr. Robertson?-Our reason for not fis.h.i.+ng for him was becau
- 309 13,077. Did you understand at that time that you were not at liberty to trade with the Fair Isle people without Mr. Bruce's permission?-I did not understand anything about it. He only asked me to go with freight, and I asked him if I would be at libe
- 308 13,029. Did you pay as much higher a price for cod and tusk?- No. We paid 7s. for cod and tusk, and I understand the current price of the country has been 6s. 6d. We paid 4s. 3d. for saith, and I understand the current price has been 4s.13,030. Do you gen
- 307 12,983. Do you mean that if the price were fixed at the beginning of the season, the merchant would be cautious about fixing a high price?-Yes.12,984. But if the prices varied from time to time, according to the state of the market, would the men not be b
- 306 12,940. How many fish do you sell in the course of a year?-From 10 to 20 tons.12,941. Do you sell these at what is called the current price?- There is a current price for the ling fis.h.i.+ng, according to which the fishermen are paid, and we try to get t